环境问题越来越多地出现在高考英语的书面表达题中,比如2010年高考英语福建卷书面表达题的主题即为“水资源短缺”。要写好关于环境的话题作文,在平时的essay写作训练中,可以注意以下两方面的积累。
一、了解环境问题的热点话题
各类媒体都有不少对环境问题的报道,多听多看这些报道,记录热点话题,既能积累写作材料,又能熟悉一些专有名词和固定搭配,比如:world population explosion世界人口爆炸,preserve natural resources保护自然资源,water pollution and air pollution水污染和空气污染,energy-saving society节约型社会,climate change气候变化,environment protection环境保护,global shortage of water全球水资源短缺,等等。
二、了解环境问题话题作文的体裁,积累写作内容
一般来说,有关环境的话题作文多为议Essay,写作时可采用“三步式”搭建文章结构:
首先：提出问题或危害。其次：分析问题产生的原因。最后：阐述个人的观点或解决方法。
下面就让我们看看在三步式的结构中，具体有哪些内容可以写作。
1.环境问题的表现和危害
气候变暖：The global climate is becoming warmer and warmer.It makes the ice melt,which causes coastal cities to be flooded.
水资源污染：The waste from chemical factories makes rivers and lakes dirty,and the amount of water that is suitable for us to drink is becoming scarcer.
酸雨现象：chemicals in the smoke from power stations travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain.The Chemical rain gradually destroys trees and buildings.From joozone.com.
绿化减少：in the city,the grassland is replaced by tall buildings in the wild,the wasteland takes the place of green forests.
野生动物濒临灭绝：Nowadays,many wild animals have no place to survive,and they are facing the danger of extinction.
2.产生原因
资源消耗：with the increasing world population,people need more resources and energy such as food,space,water,oil and so on.Some of them are limited or non-renewable.
乱排乱放：Factories along the river always pour their waste water and rubbish straight into the river,which causes water pollution.Factories,power stations and cars in the city gives off huge amounts of waste gas into the air,leading to air pollution.
滥捕滥杀：people kill wild animals just for their fur,meat or teeth.
滥砍滥伐：people cut down trees freely to increase the output of disposable tableware and paper napkins.
3.解决方法
从政府角度看：
Make stricter laws to protect the environment.
Close the factories which give off too much pollution or consume too much energy.
Strengthen efforts to promote the awareness of environmental protection.
从个人角度看：
We should live low-carbon life.
When we go out,it’s best to ride a bike or take a bus.
Remember to turn off the lights when we leave the classroom and turn off the tap when we are not using it.
Cut use of disposable tableware as much as we can.
Try to use a handkerchief instead of paper napkins.
In our free time,collect empty bottles and waste paper for recycling.
现在，假设你本月底将前往澳大利亚参加主题为“water forlife”的高中生交流活动，那么根据下图提示和和以上语言积累，写一篇发言稿应该不是太困难的事了。
写作时，文章格式首先要符合发言稿的形式，开头要向观众作自我介绍并说明演讲主题：
Ladies and gentlemen,good morning.I am…from China.It’s my great honour to be here to say something about global water shortage;
结尾要有致谢词：thank you for listening.
然后根据图片提示选择合适的内容进行表达，可以先提出水资源短缺这一问题，并分析原因：
The amounts of water that is suitable for us to drink is becoming scarcer.As the world population increases,people need more resources,including water,but the waste from chemical factories makes rivers and lakes dirty;
然后表达观点：people can’t live without water,we should take measures to reserve water;
最后提出解决水资源短缺的办法：
scientists are developing new technology to turn sea water into fresh water.
The government should make stricter laws to protect water resources and close the factories which gives off too much waste into rivers and lakes.meanwhile,we should not waste water.For example,turn off the tap when we are not using it.
用一些恰当的过渡词，过渡句将以上内容连贯起来，发言搞就完成了。这样您就写出一手不错的环境问题相关的英语作文了。不过小编认为，写任何英语作文都可以遵从此套思路来写，得一个15分的作文还是相当容易的。 |
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