本帖最后由 朱定争 于 2017/7/3 15:41 编辑
在PTE的写作部分中，考生首先要面对的题型是Summarize written text，即总结摘要，也是PTE考试的一个难点。PTE写作考试中一般有2-3个摘要题，每题理论时间10分钟。在每个题目中，考生需要审阅概括一篇300-500字的小文章，并用一句话凝练。Summarize written text主要考验的是阅读能力以及归纳能力。考生需要在短时间内扫描长篇的文章，并理出逻辑脉络。同时，考生也需要有足够的遣词造句能力来把内容归纳为一句话。注意只能用一句话，长度为5-75个字，超过字数会被无情地扣分。第一次考PTE的同学大多都容易被这道题目虐的死去活来。当拿到考题，看到一长段文字的时候，很容易产生疲劳感。考生容易陷入迷茫=找关键词=找不到=迷茫的恶性循环，并迅速消耗大量的考试时间。在这里帮助考生大幅缩短所需要阅读的内容，从而减轻考试的压力，并取得良好的成绩。我们的秘笈有个简单的口诀：先找转折，再剪修饰，最后剥栗子。好了，我们先来看秘笈：1. 先找转折But, there is a big but.But是一个转折词，同样表示转折的词语还有：However, though, while, still, whereas, nevertheless, yet, on the other hand等等。转折词可以帮我们省半句话。如果大家看过非诚勿扰之类的节目，一定会记得女生无情拒绝的台词：“我觉得你人不错，性格也很好，工作稳定，但是……”然后，就没有然后了。其实在英语的阅读中，"But"也有完全相同的功能。比如这样一句话：By far the most popular and most consumed drink in the world is water, but it may come as no surprise that the second most popular beverage is tea.同学们有没有看到这个大大的But？看到它的时候，果断记住，前面一半的句子，都不重要。这就意味着在考试的时候，你可以完全无视前半句话，因为它根本不是考点所在。觉得不过瘾？我们再来一句：Although tea was originally grown only in certain parts of Asia – in countries such as China, Burma and India - it is now a key export product in more than 50 countries around the globe.这里有一个小小的插入语，先放一边，Although是虽然的意思，所以这句话的前半句，直到插入语结束，都不重要。都不重要。都不重要。重要的事情说三遍。这样一来，实际考试需要阅读的部分就大大地缩短了。2. 再剪修饰Clauses are often worthless.语法相对扎实的同学会知道，英语的语句，尤其是书面语中，会有大量的从句。从句很多时候起到的是修饰作用，其本身会对信息的某一个要点进行细节的补充。因此，在PTE的考试中，基本可以奉行一个原则：从句的修饰部分，都可以无视。比如这句话：Countries that grow tea, however, need to have the right tropical climate, which includes up to 200 centimetres of rainfall per year to encourage fast growth, and temperatures that range from ten to 35 degrees centigrade.整句话的后半部分，是由which引导的修饰性从句，对整体的意思不会有任何影响，可以无视。我们再来一句：By far the most popular and most consumed drink in the world is water, but it may come as no surprise that the second most popular beverage is tea.这句话中，that起到的是替代宾语的作用，因此前面的套句部分可以完全无视。3. 最后剥栗子 There is no such thing as such...Such as在英语里是一个举例用的连接词，相似的还有for example, for instance等等。举例的实际意义在于用实据来说明证明观点。不过在PTE考试时，请抱着“栗子是什么？好吃吗？”的态度来面对Summarize written text，所有出现的栗子，哦不，是例子，都不重要。好了，闲话少说，我们来剥栗子：They also need to have quite specific geographical features, such as high altitudes to promote the flavour and taste of the tea, and land that can offer plenty of shade in the form of other trees and vegetation to keep the plants cool and fresh.虽然很长，但是两只栗子，很轻松地被我们剥了出去。我们来继续做采栗子的小姑娘：There is green tea, jasmine tea, earl grey tea, peppermint tea, tea to help you sleep, tea to promote healing and tea to relieve stress; but above all, tea is a social drink that seems to suit the palates and consumption habits of human beings in general.好了，这一堆关于茶的栗子，都可以被迅速地清理出去。实战演练通过以上三条的方法，我们可以把以下这一长段话清理（大家可以快速跳过）：By far the most popular and most consumed drink in the world is water, but it may come as no surprise that the second most popular beverage is tea. Although tea was originally grown only in certain parts of Asia – in countries such as China, Burma and India - it is now a key export product in more than 50 countries around the globe. Countries that grow tea, however, need to have the right tropical climate, which includes up to 200 centimetres of rainfall per year to encourage fast growth, and temperatures that range from ten to 35 degrees centigrade. They also need to have quite specific geographical features, such as high altitudes to promote the flavour and taste of the tea, and land that can offer plenty of shade in the form of other trees and vegetation to keep the plants cool and fresh. Together these conditions contribute to the production of the wide range of high-quality teas that are in such huge demand among the world's consumers. There is green tea, jasmine tea, earl grey tea, peppermint tea, tea to help you sleep, tea to promote healing and tea to relieve stress; but above all, tea is a social drink that seems to suit the palates and consumption habits of human beings in general. (From: PTE Academic Practice Test Plus T1Q1）默念我们的口诀，先找转折，再剪修饰，最后剥栗子。有条不紊地把无关紧要的内容都清理掉，一篇复杂的文章就会成功瘦身为以下你需要阅读的内容：… the second most popular beverage is tea. … it is now a key export product in more than 50 countries around the globe. Countries that grow tea, however, need to have the right tropical climate…. They also need to have quite specific geographical features…. Together these conditions contribute to the production of the wide range of high-quality teas …. … tea is a social drink …. (Word Count: 67）这个时候，我们只需要简单地加上一些连接词，调整下从句结构，一篇满分的Summary就跃然而出（注意，PTE考试中我们可以用复制黏贴直接引用原文哦）：Tea, as the second most popular beverage, is now a key export product in more than 50 countries around the globe, but those countries need to have the right tropical climate and specific geographical features to contribute to the production of the wide range of high-quality teas for people to consume. |
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