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9月新SAT 考试每日一练题目（2016/9/20-Reading）
今天给大家分享的练习题目是：
Like an opera house, which has its public entrance separate from that for the performers, a cell has different doors for different molecules. Each gets scrutinized at its door before it can enter the cell. Now researchers from the University of California at San Francisco have revealed in the journal Science the three-dimensional structure of one such door, or membrane channel, that specializes in granting entry to a membrane component known as glycerol. Specifically the channel is called the glycerol facilitator (GlpF), from the bacterium Escherichia coli.
Bearing three alcohol groups, glycerol is a basic building block for the cell membrane. (Other components include fatty acids and small charged molecules.) And not just in E. coli. Indeed, although the channel the researchers studied is from a bacterium, it belongs to a large protein family dubbed the aquaporins, which are found in species ranging from bacteria to humans.
GlpF is highly specific for glycerol and similar polyalcohols. Somehow, even though water molecules are much smaller, they cannot enter. The new study reveals why. In order for glycerol to clear the four-channel configuration in the cell membrane, it must pass through a narrow selectivity filter in the center of a channel. Here it is surrounded by amino acids that closely match its own structure, which is hydrophilic ("water-loving") on one side and hydrophobic ("water-fearing") on the other. Water molecules, in contrast, can only pass through this area in single file, which is not energetically favorable, because they like to bond to one another. And ions, which are charged, are unable to pass the "water-fearing" side of the channel. This cell entrance, it seems, is truly exclusive.
The main purpose of the passage is to _________
(A) explain the ways proteins function in various species.
(B) analyze and argue against a common claim about bacteria.
(C) assert that a new research technique will enhance future studies in the field of cellular biology.
(D) discuss a study that offers a new understanding of a fundamental cellular process.
重点单词背诵：
claim [kleim] n. 要求，要求权;主张，断言，声称;要求物
bacterium [b?k'ti?ri?m] n. 细菌
component [k?m'p?un?nt] n. 元件，组件，成份
entry ['entri] n. 进入，入口，登记，条目
cellular ['seljul?] adj. 细胞的，松织的
fundamental [.f?nd?'mentl] adj. 基本的，根本的，重要的
configuration [k?n.figju'rei??n] n. 结构，布局，形态，格式塔心理完形 [计算机] 配置
selectivity [silek'tiviti] n. 选择性；分离性；选择度
channel ['t??nl] n. 通道，频道，（消息）渠道，海峡，方法
答案及解析：
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